Маған жақсы мұғалім бәрінен де артық, өйткені мұғалім мектептің жүрегі!
Республикалық апталық газеті

«Types of listening comprehension skill development within the curriculum»


27 сентября 2019, 09:49 | 1 172 просмотра


What is listening and why do we listen? What is speaking and why do we speak? Will children benefit from specific listening and speaking instruction?

What must we know and do to teach listening and speaking skills? Listening is more than hearing. It involves following attentively the thread of conversation, the development of an idea, the points of an argument. Like reading, it requires comprehension in terms of past experience of the listener and often involves critical examination of what is heard.

  1. What do effective listeners do?

Effective listeners:

  • connect: make connections with people, places, situations, and ideas they know
  • find meaning: determine what the speaker is saying about people, places, and ideas
  • question: pay attention to those words and ideas that are unclear
  • make and confirm predictions: try to determine what will be said next
  • make inferences: determine speaker's intent by inferring what the speaker means but does not actually say
  • reflect and evaluate: respond to what has been heard and pass judgement.

Kinds of Listening in order to teach listening, we must be aware of the kinds of listening that the average student engages in to successfully complete his education. Passive or marginal listening takes place when children study with the radio or television on or when several groups are functioning within one classroom. There is often a deliberate "tuning out" of what is heard with just enough consciousness of the voice or sound to bring the child back to attention when a favorite song or personality comes on. In a classroom or in the home, the tone of voice of the teacher or a parent may flash the danger signal which alerts the child whose attention has been wandering.The way one listens to background music while reading is quite different from the type of listening required to evaluate critically a proposed plan of action which affects one personally or professionally.

There are some kinds of listening that are very useful.They are attentive listening ,responsive listening,selective listening ,appreciative listening,creative listening ,analytical or critical listening

Four principles to be utilized in the development of listening skills. They are:

  1. A teacher must keep in mind that any listening activity in the classroom should be a pleasurable rather than a threating experience. Very often, listening on the part of the children is demanded rather than motivated.
  2. Daily class activities should be so planned that the amount of listening required of children is not over-poweringly and impossibly great. (This will involve planning for non- listening activities during a greater portion of the day.)
  3. It is extremely important that listening in a classroom situation not be confined to listening by the children to the teacher. It is quite essential that pupils learn to listen to each other and, above all, that the teacher show, by her example, in listening to her pupils, that she regards listening as a valuable and important activity;
  4. Classroom listening should be 'for' rather than 'at'. When the emphasis is on sitting up straight and looking at the speaker, and I do not imply that such activities are good or bad, rather than on the effort to get ideas, facts and either data, the tendency is to emphasize the listening at rather than the listening for character of the activity.

 

Four approaches to the teaching of listening:

1.The Direct Approach. Teach the importance of listening, describe the listening Process, and enumerate the characteristics of good and poor listening.

  1. The Integrated Process. Reorientation of reading and writing to tie in with the teaching of listening. Identify the skills needed in each field.
  2. The Incidental Approach. The most common and the least satisfactory.
  3. The Eclectic Approach. This approach combines approaches number one and two.

 

Автор:
Кенжегуль Рысханова, №28IT мектеп-лицейіағылшын тілі мұғалімі. Талдықорған қаласы,